Nowadays, membrane technology is one of excellent separation method. However, membranes as usual used have the heterogeneous pore size, poor mechanical property, thermally unstable, and fouling problem, therefore becomes a major challenge for many researchers. One of the most promising ways to address this issue is by making a composite membrane by introducing graphene oxide (GO). Graphene oxide (GO) is a two-dimensional material endowed with unique physicochemical, electrical, and thermal properties. Furthermore, GO has a large area and ultrathin layer surface, which is suitable for membrane technology as separation technology method. Its properties can be reducing volume area ratio of membrane to maximize flux and minimize transport resistance. Because of these exceptional properties, GO is then considered of being able to improve the separation performance of the native membranes. Recent developments in this area have shown the improvement of separation property coming from the GO-composite membrane. This is also followed by improvement in the physicochemical property of the resulting composite membrane such as in thermal and mechanical properties. In practical application, such GO-composite membranes have also been shown to be feasibly applied to separate heavy metal ions, mixture of gases, and organic materials. In addition, the GO-composite membrane is also suitable to be applied in fuel cell technology and has shown the antifouling and antibacterial property.